Nongenomic Signaling Pathways of Estrogen Toxicity
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Nongenomic signaling pathways of estrogen toxicity.
Xenoestrogens can affect the healthy functioning of a variety of tissues by acting as potent estrogens via nongenomic signaling pathways or by interfering with those actions of multiple physiological estrogens. Collectively, our and other studies have compared a wide range of estrogenic compounds, including some closely structurally related subgroups. The estrogens that have been studied includ...
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Recognition of the complexity of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling has substantially increased in the last several years. In their genomic role, estrogens enter the cell and bind to ERs which are members of a superfamily of ligand-regulated transcription factors. However, estrogens also exert non-genomic effects that occur independently of gene transcription. Typically, these relati...
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Estrogen receptors (ERs) act by regulating transcriptional processes. The classical mechanism of ER action involves estrogen binding to receptors in the nucleus, after which the receptors dimerize and bind to specific response elements known as estrogen response elements (EREs) located in the promoters of target genes. However, ERs can also regulate gene expression without directly binding to D...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Toxicological Sciences
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1096-6080,1096-0929
DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp288